Optimal and Sustainable Approaches for Decentralized Power Generation using Renewable Energy Sources in Remote Areas

Abstract

With environment change, declining fossil reserve, extreme integration, the chances of disorder and higher cost of energy supply, centralized system may be replaced by decentralized power- generation system especially in urban and rural areas. Now-a days, many researchers proposed and found the various merits of decentralized system using renewable energy sources over the centralized generation system. The cost of energy (COE) is usually low for stand-alone hybrid renewable energy source (HRES) systems with higher reliability than single renewable energy source like solar photo-voltaic (SPV), wind energy, biomass, biogas, and micro-hydro as well as grid-connected system. PV/wind/battery and PV/diesel/battery are the most preferred hybrid systems in distributed power generation according to resource feasibility. The optimization aims to carry out by the researchers in terms of minimization of the per-unit energy cost (PUEC) and greenhouse gases (GHGs) emissions (CO₂, NO_x and particles) for the various cases using mathematical modeling and hybrid optimization model of electric renewable (HOMER) software. They also compared the results which are favorable in the decentralized power generation system, especially used in remote areas. In this article, a review of the techno-economical analysis of modular energy system with regards to comparison of both the systems has been done. Moreover, the optimization of the system is obtained using different types of parameters as wind speed, solar radiation, diesel consumption, type, and quantity of different biomass feedstock of the particular site.