Young Scientist- Tomorrows Science Begins Today [ISSN: 2581-4737 (online)]

A Retrospective Comparison Study-Clinical Efficacy of Arthroscopic Treatment in Ischial Tuberosity Cyst

2023-12-13T06:21:46+00:00

Ischial tuberosity cyst is a common disease, and the conventional incision procedure is associated with several disadvantages, leading to unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes. The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of arthroscopic treatment for ischial tuberosity cyst and compared it with conventional incision surgery.

The clinical data of 57 patients with ischial tuberosity cyst from May 2016 to September 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 49 patients were included. Of these patients, 24 patients received arthroscopic procedure (N = 24) and 25 patients received conventional incision procedure (N = 25). The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative complications were compared between the 2 groups. Visual analogue scale scores was used to evaluate pain at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after the surgery.

All 49 patients were followed up for (11.3 ± 3.3) months. All patients in the arthroscopy group achieved phase I healing while 3 patients in conventional incision group developed complications. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage, and hospital stay in the arthroscopy group were (54.7 ± 7.7) minutes, (20.8 ± 3.5) mL, (20.3 ± 5.6) mL, and (2.8 ± 0.6) days, and were significantly better than those of (71.8 ± 8.8) minutes, (67.3 ± 12.0) mL, (103.6 ± 20.3) mL, and (7.8 ± 2.9) days in the conventional incision group, respectively. In the arthroscopy group, the visual analogue scale scores at 1 day, 1 week, and 1 month after the surgery [(2.6 ± 0.7), (0.5 ± 0.6), (0.3 ± 0.5) points] were significantly lower than those in the conventional incision group [(6.0 ± 0.7), (3.0 ± 1.0), and (1.1 ± 1.0) points], and the differences were statistically significant (P < .05). Finally, no significant difference was observed in the incidence of postoperative complications between the 2 groups (P > .05).

In the treatment of ischial tuberosity cysts, arthroscopy has advantages of minimal invasion, less blood loss during perioperative period, milder postoperative pain, and rapid recovery when compared with conventional incision surgery.

A Hybrid Glowworm Swarm Optimization Using in Smart Sensor Network for Electric Grids

2023-12-13T06:25:27+00:00

The special features of smart grid technology includes regular metering communication, renewable power incorporation, allotment computerization and whole scrutinizing and organization of complete power grid. Little micro-electrical automatic schemes that are deployed in collecting and broadcasting data from ambience are Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). Providing security and energy consumptions are the most emerging issues in Wireless sensor network communication. To enhance the lifespan of a network, energy efficiency should be increased by decreasing energy consumption of the sensor nodes, thus striking a balance in the power consumption of each node. As the primary source of origin of energy consumption of sensor nodes is long distance transmission of data, good impact on energy consumption can be provided through an efficient routing protocol. So as to enhance the lifespan of a network, a number of protocols have been put forth in the form of optimization algorithms. This study involves Glowworm Swarm Optimization (GSO). In GSO, a probabilistic cost is computed by every glowworm in spite of finding its neighboring glowworm that has the enhanced luciferin intensity than others. Based on this probability cost, a glow worm moves towards the chosen glowworm. To enhance GSO performance, the GSO hybrid optimized with Harmony Search (HS) and Tabu Search (TS) local methods are also proposed. Results prove that proposed method achieves better performance.

An Interventional Educational Campaign-Enhancing Parental Knowledge of Childhood and Adolescence Safety

2023-12-13T06:28:12+00:00

Background: Safeguarding children and adolescents from unintentional injuries is a significant concern for parents and caregivers. With them staying more at home during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, more educational tools and valid educational programs are warranted to improve parental knowledge and awareness about childhood and adolescences’ safety. This study aims to explore the effectiveness of childhood and adolescence safety campaigns on parents’ knowledge and attitude toward preventable injuries.

Methods: This was a pre-post experimental study, in which the predesigned assessments were used as an evaluation tool before and after attending a childhood and adolescence safety campaign. The pre-post assessment question included questions to evaluate the socio-demographic status, followed by knowledge questions in line with the current childhood and adolescence safety campaign. The outcomes of interest were assessed before and after attending the campaign's stations.

Results: Three hundred eight parents volunteered to participate in this study. Their knowledge score improved from 36.2 [standard deviation (SD) 17.7] to 79.3 (SD 15.6) after attending the Campaign (t value = 34.6, P < .001). Both, perceptions on the preventability of accidents and the parents’ perceived usefulness of educational campaigns showed improvements, with (t value = 6.3, P < .001) and (t value = 3.097, P < .001), respectively.

Conclusion: The educational childhood and adolescence safety campaign for caregivers in Saudi Arabia resulted in a significant increase in the overall knowledge and attitudes toward childhood and adolescence's safety. As children and adolescents are currently staying at home more, additional educational tools and programs are warranted to promote safe practices among parents and caregivers.

Characterization and Synthesis of Acrylic Copolymer of Amidoxime

2023-12-13T06:30:36+00:00

Following the fabrication of the copolymer membranes into DMP, the copolymer was treated with HA in an aqueous solution at temperatures ranging from 60 to 80 degrees Celsius. The Amidoximation Process alters some of the nitrile groups in the copolymer such that they are now amidoxime groups. A Number of techniques, Including "Fourier Transform Infrared, X-Ray Diffraction, and Thermogravimetric Analysis", were performed in the Characterization of Virgin and Amidoximated Acrylic Copolymer Membranes. During the amidoximation process, numerous significant changes in the properties of the copolymer, including "functionality, crystallinity, thermal behaviour, hydrophilicity, elemental composition, and surface morphology", have been observed. These changes have been attributed to a variety of different factors.

Conception and Evaluation of Biodegradable Implant Rod for Drug Delivery

2023-12-13T06:34:14+00:00

Polymer implants are an exciting new development in the field of drug delivery systems. Because of their surface and bulk qualities, biodegradable polymers are often used. In the current investigation, a biodegradable implant in the form of a rod was manufactured by the use of a hot melt extrusion process, with PLGA and ethyl acetate serving as the plasticizer. Research was studied on the PLGA/EA rods' deterioration in vitro. At various time intervals, the rods' weight reductions were measured and studied. The techniques of DSC, TGA, and FTIR were used in order to characterize the rods. In order to determine the rod's capability for encapsulating drugs, a drug was first integrated into the rod. The amount of drug in rodents was determined by the use of the UV spectrophotometer method.

Assessing the Impact of Community-Centered Food Programs on Nutrition and Health Outcomes

2024-01-06T10:18:42+00:00

This research paper investigates the impact of community-centered food programs on nutrition and health outcomes, recognizing the escalating challenges of food insecurity and related health issues. By synthesizing existing literature, the study evaluates the effectiveness of diverse community-centered food initiatives, including community gardens, food banks, nutrition education programs, and farmers' markets. Methodologies employed in assessing program impact, encompassing both qualitative and quantitative approaches, are critically analyzed. Additionally, the paper identifies key factors influencing program success, such as community engagement, policy support, cultural considerations, and sustainability. Through a comprehensive exploration of data analysis and interpretations, the research provides insights into the nuanced effects of these programs on nutrition and health outcomes. The paper concludes with recommendations for policymakers, community organizations, and researchers, emphasizing the need for ongoing evaluation and adaptation to address the evolving needs of communities in promoting sustainable and culturally sensitive interventions.